Depersonalisaatioderealisaatiohäiriö

Depersonalisaatioderealisaatiohäiriö is a dissociative disorder characterized by persistent or recurrent experiences of depersonalization and/or derealization. Depersonalization involves a sense of detachment from oneself, as if one is an outside observer of their own thoughts, feelings, body, or actions. Individuals may feel unreal, foreign, or numb to their own experiences. Derealization, on the other hand, is a sense of detachment from one's surroundings. The external world may appear distorted, dreamlike, foggy, or lifeless. Objects might seem altered in size or shape, and time can feel distorted.

These experiences are not caused by a psychotic disorder, substance use, or another medical condition. They are often triggered by significant stress, trauma, or anxiety. While the specific causes are not fully understood, it is believed to be a defense mechanism where the mind disconnects from overwhelming emotional or sensory input. The condition can cause significant distress and impair daily functioning. Diagnosis is made based on clinical interview and the presence of specific diagnostic criteria. Treatment often involves psychotherapy, particularly cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and psychodynamic therapy, to help individuals understand and manage their symptoms, process underlying trauma, and develop coping mechanisms. In some cases, medication may be used to address co-occurring conditions like anxiety or depression.