Definujících

Definujících is a form of the Czech verb definovat and functions as a present active participle, meaning “defining.” In Czech, present participles can act as adjectives or as parts of relative clauses, and they agree with the noun they modify in gender, number, and case. The specific ending -ujících appears in certain cases, most often in the genitive plural or other inflected forms, depending on the noun it accompanies. The exact morphology of definujících, like other participles, is determined by the syntactic role and the noun it describes.

Usage of definujících tends to occur in more formal or technical language, where it describes entities, processes, or actions that perform the act of defining. For example, it can appear in noun phrases or subclauses that specify who or what defines a standard, rule, or concept, and it can appear in constructions that express possession or relation in a nonfinite form, such as in relative clauses or fixed expressions.

Semantic sense centers on ongoing or defining activity, rather than a completed action. Depending on context, it can be translated into English as “defining” or, in a broader sense, as “those who define” when used in a clause referring to people.

Etymology traces the form to the verb definovat with the participial suffix -ující, a standard pattern for Czech present active participles. For non-native speakers, the key is to recognize definujících as a word that marks an ongoing defining action and to adjust its case and number to match the noun it modifies.

See also: definovat; přítomný činný participium; Czech grammar; participles.