Decapeptyl

Decapeptyl is a brand name for triptorelin, a synthetic decapeptide that acts as an agonist of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor. When administered continuously, triptorelin suppresses the pituitary production of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone, leading to a marked decrease in sex steroid production by the gonads (testosterone in men, oestrogen in women).

Decapeptyl is used to treat conditions driven by hormones. Indications include advanced prostate cancer, certain breast cancers in premenopausal women, endometriosis, and uterine fibroids. It is also used to suppress ovarian function in controlled ovarian stimulation during assisted reproductive technology and to treat central precocious puberty in children.

The drug is available in long-acting injectable depot formulations that release triptorelin over time, allowing monthly or longer dosing intervals (often every one to three months, depending on the preparation). It is typically administered by a healthcare professional.

Common adverse effects reflect reduced sex hormone levels and may include hot flashes, sweating, decreased libido, mood changes, headaches, vaginal dryness, and bone mineral density loss with long-term use. Local injection-site reactions can occur. A transient rise in sex hormone levels at treatment initiation may cause temporary worsening of symptoms, an effect known as tumor or flare in cancer indications; antiandrogens or other measures may be used to mitigate this in some cases.

Contraindications include pregnancy and undiagnosed vaginal bleeding. Caution is advised in individuals with osteoporosis or significant bone risk, and use during breastfeeding is generally avoided. Monitoring typically includes assessment of clinical response and, for bone-related indications, bone density considerations during long-term therapy.