DLmalic

DL-malic acid is a racemic mixture of D-malic acid and L-malic acid. Malic acid is a dicarboxylic acid that occurs naturally in fruits, most notably in apples, and is responsible for their sour taste. It plays a role in the Krebs cycle, a metabolic pathway that converts carbohydrates into energy. DL-malic acid is synthesized industrially from maleic anhydride or fumaric acid.

In food applications, DL-malic acid is used as an acidulant, flavor enhancer, and pH regulator. It provides a tart and persistent sourness, often perceived as less sharp than citric acid. It is commonly found in candies, beverages, jams, and desserts. The food industry utilizes DL-malic acid for its ability to balance sweetness and enhance fruit flavors.

Beyond its use in food, DL-malic acid also finds applications in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. In pharmaceuticals, it can be used as an excipient or as a component in certain medications. In cosmetics, it acts as an alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA), contributing to exfoliation and skin conditioning. It is important to note that while L-malic acid is the naturally occurring form, DL-malic acid is the most common form used in commercial products due to its ease of synthesis and cost-effectiveness. The body can metabolize both the D and L isomers, though L-malic acid is generally considered more biologically active.