Dénutrition

Dénutrition, also known as malnutrition or undernutrition, refers to a state where the body does not receive adequate nutrients for proper functioning. This deficiency can arise from insufficient intake of calories, protein, vitamins, or minerals. It can manifest in various forms, including wasting, stunting, and micronutrient deficiencies, each with distinct health consequences.

Causes of dénutrition are multifaceted and can include poverty, food insecurity, chronic diseases, poor dietary habits, and inadequate access to healthcare. Infants, young children, the elderly, and individuals with chronic illnesses are particularly vulnerable. The consequences of dénutrition can be severe, ranging from impaired physical and cognitive development in children to increased susceptibility to infections, delayed wound healing, and organ dysfunction in adults.

Diagnosing dénutrition typically involves a nutritional assessment, which may include anthropometric measurements (weight, height, body mass index), clinical examination for signs of deficiency, and dietary evaluation. Laboratory tests can also be used to assess specific nutrient levels.

Treatment strategies for dénutrition focus on restoring nutritional status through dietary modifications, nutritional supplements, and, in some cases, therapeutic feeding. Addressing the underlying causes, such as poverty or disease, is crucial for long-term recovery and prevention. Public health initiatives aimed at improving food security, promoting healthy diets, and ensuring access to healthcare play a vital role in combating dénutrition on a larger scale.