Cywilnoprawne

Cywilnoprawne is an adjective used to describe matters related to civil law, a branch of private law that regulates relations between individuals and legal entities. In Polish legal terminology, cywilnoprawne relations are those governed by civil law rather than by criminal or administrative law. The term serves to distinguish private-law norms and disputes from public-law questions.

The civil-law sphere in Poland is grounded in the Civil Code (Kodeks cywilny). Its scope covers property rights and obligations arising from ownership and possession, contracts and duties in performance and breach, and liability in delict (tort). It also includes family law (matters such as marriage, parentage, and guardianship) and inheritance matters. While many commercial activities involve private-law rules, there are also specialized statutes; nonetheless, the Civil Code provides the central framework for private-law regulation, supplemented by related acts and case law.

Procedurally, civil cases are resolved in civil courts under the Code of Civil Procedure (Kodeks postępowania cywilnego). The term cywilnoprawne is widely used in doctrine, legislation, and practice to describe norms, institutions, and issues belonging to private law, as opposed to those of public law. It also appears in phrases such as cywilnoprawna odpowiedzialność (civil liability) and cywilnoprawne relacje między podmiotami (private-law relations). Overall, cywilnoprawne concerns form the core of private legal order in Poland.