Cupriavidaceae

Cupriavidaceae is a family of bacteria within the class Alphaproteobacteria. Members of this family are characterized by their ability to oxidize copper and other heavy metals, which is reflected in their name, derived from the Latin "cupri" meaning copper and "avidus" meaning eager. This family includes both aerobic and anaerobic species, with some capable of surviving in extreme environments such as acidic or alkaline conditions, and even in the presence of high concentrations of heavy metals.

The genus Cupriavidus is the type genus of the family, and it includes species that are notable for their ability to oxidize copper and other heavy metals. These bacteria are often found in environments contaminated with heavy metals, such as mining sites or industrial waste. They play a role in the bioremediation of heavy metal-contaminated sites by converting toxic heavy metals into less harmful forms.

Cupriavidaceae also includes the genus Acidiphilium, which consists of acidophilic bacteria that thrive in acidic environments. These bacteria are important in the biogeochemical cycling of metals and nutrients in acidic soils and waters.

The taxonomy of Cupriavidaceae is based on phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences and other molecular markers. The family is recognized as a distinct lineage within the Alphaproteobacteria, with a unique combination of physiological and biochemical characteristics.