Condensationshärdning

Condensationshärdning, which translates to condensation hardening or curing, is a chemical process where a material solidifies or becomes rigid through a condensation reaction. This type of curing involves the formation of covalent bonds between monomers or oligomers, often with the elimination of a small molecule such as water or alcohol.

This process is common in the formation of polymers, such as those found in thermosetting resins and certain adhesives. As the reaction progresses, the molecular weight of the material increases, leading to a decrease in its fluidity and an increase in its mechanical strength and dimensional stability. Unlike thermoplastic materials that can be repeatedly softened by heat, thermosetting polymers formed by condensation hardening undergo irreversible chemical changes.

Examples of condensation hardening include the curing of epoxy resins, polyurethanes, and certain types of silicones. The rate and extent of condensation hardening can be influenced by factors such as temperature, the presence of catalysts, and the concentration of reactive species. Understanding and controlling this process is crucial for achieving desired material properties in various applications, from coatings and composites to adhesives and electronic components.