Clojure

Clojure is a modern, dynamic, functional Lisp dialect that runs primarily on the Java Virtual Machine (JVM). It also has implementations for the .NET platform (ClojureCLR) and a compiles-to-JavaScript variant (ClojureScript). It was designed to be hosted on the JVM to leverage existing Java libraries while offering a Lisp-friendly, functional programming model.

Created by Rich Hickey in 2007, Clojure emphasizes immutability, simplicity, and robust concurrency. It provides persistent, immutable data structures such as lists, vectors, maps, and sets, and it offers several software transactional memory and concurrency primitives, including atoms, refs, and agents, as well as the core.async library with channels for asynchronous programming.

Clojure is a member of the Lisp family, characterized by its homoiconic syntax based on s-expressions and powerful macro capabilities. It supports interoperation with Java (and .NET or JavaScript in non-JVM environments), enabling seamless use of existing libraries. It promotes REPL-driven development and rapid iteration.

The language and its ecosystem include build tools such as Leiningen and Boot, documentation, and a large standard library. The ClojureScript project compiles Clojure code to JavaScript for client-side and server-side environments. The language is used in various domains, including web applications, data processing, and financial systems.

License: Clojure is released under the Eclipse Public License.