Ciklotronos

Ciklotronos refers to a cyclotronic particle accelerator. This type of accelerator uses a magnetic field to confine charged particles in a spiral path and an electric field to accelerate them. As particles gain energy, they move outward in an ever-widening spiral. The electric field is applied between two D-shaped electrodes called dees. A high-frequency alternating voltage is applied across the gap between the dees. When a charged particle passes through the gap, it is accelerated by the electric field. The magnetic field, which is perpendicular to the plane of the dees, bends the particle's path into a semicircle. As the particle completes a semicircle, it passes through the gap again and is accelerated by the electric field once more. This process is repeated many times, with the particle gaining energy and spiraling outwards until it reaches the desired energy and is extracted from the device. Cyclotrons were first developed by Ernest Lawrence in the early 1930s. They are used to produce beams of high-energy particles for various applications, including nuclear physics research, medical imaging, and cancer therapy. Modern cyclotrons can accelerate particles to very high energies, and they remain an important tool in scientific research and medical treatment.