Chromohalobacter

Chromohalobacter is a genus of halophilic, Gram-negative bacteria in the family Halomonadaceae, within the order Oceanospirillales. Species have been isolated from saline and hypersaline environments such as salt lakes, brines, saline soils, and salted foods. The genus is characterized by rod-shaped, motile, non-spore-forming cells; they are chemoorganotrophic and predominantly aerobic, with some members capable of denitrification under low-oxygen conditions. Growth requires elevated salt concentrations, with halotolerance that varies among species.

Members of Chromohalobacter are typically found in saline habitats where they contribute to nutrient cycling and ecological interactions in microbial communities. They are generally studied for their physiological adaptations to high-salt conditions and their metabolic versatility. Morphological and genetic analyses place the genus within Halomonadaceae, closely related to other halophilic genera such as Halomonas.

Chromohalobacter has attracted interest for biotechnological applications due to its enzymes and pigments that remain active in high-salt environments. Research has explored pigment production, including carotenoids, and the potential use of halotolerant enzymes in industrial processes. Some strains have been investigated for bioremediation of saline waste streams and other environmental applications. Pathogenic potential is considered low, with only rare reports of opportunistic infections in immunocompromised individuals.