Chlorózis

Chlorózis, also known as chlorosis, is a condition in plants characterized by a yellowing of the leaves. This yellowing occurs because the plant is unable to produce enough chlorophyll, the green pigment essential for photosynthesis. Chlorophyll is responsible for capturing light energy, so a deficiency directly impacts the plant's ability to produce food.

The primary cause of chlorózis is nutrient deficiency, most commonly iron. Iron is crucial for the synthesis of chlorophyll. When iron is unavailable or not properly absorbed by the plant, chlorophyll production is inhibited, leading to the characteristic yellowing. Other nutrient deficiencies, such as those of magnesium, manganese, or zinc, can also result in chlorózis, though they may present with slightly different patterns of yellowing.

Environmental factors can also contribute to chlorózis. Soil pH plays a significant role; in alkaline soils, iron becomes less available to plants even if present. Poor drainage, waterlogged soil, or excessive soil moisture can impede root function and nutrient uptake, indirectly causing chlorózis. Certain diseases or pests can also damage plant tissues, affecting nutrient absorption and leading to similar symptoms.

Treatment for chlorózis involves addressing the underlying cause. If it's a nutrient deficiency, applying fertilizers containing the missing nutrient, often in a chelated form for better absorption, can correct the problem. Adjusting soil pH can also improve nutrient availability. For environmental issues, improving drainage or modifying watering practices is necessary.