ChicagoTurabian

ChicagoTurabian is a citation and formatting style derived from The Chicago Manual of Style (CMOS), adapted for student writing. It was created by Kate L. Turabian, a dissertation secretary at the University of Chicago, and first issued in the 1930s to help students format theses, dissertations, and research papers. The Turabian style is published by the University of Chicago Press and exists in two main systems: Notes-Bibliography and Author-Date.

Notes-Bibliography is preferred in humanities disciplines such as literature, history, and the arts. Sources are cited in footnotes or endnotes, accompanied by a bibliography at the end. Author-Date is more common in the physical, natural, and social sciences, with brief in-text citations (author and year) and a corresponding reference list.

Turabian provides guidelines for formatting elements such as title pages, margins, page numbering, headings, and the order of front matter, body text, and back matter. It also covers bibliographic entries for commonly cited source types, including books, journal articles, chapters, and electronic sources. While Turabian is tailored for student manuscripts, it remains aligned with CMOS rules, and many instructors and publishers accept or require Turabian-format submissions.

Different editions adjust details, and users should consult the specific edition required by their institution or instructor. In practice, Turabian is widely used in colleges and universities for theses, dissertations, and research papers, offering a structured, discipline-appropriate approach to citations and document formatting.