Chaturdandi

Chaturdandi is a term in Carnatic music referring to the four main divisions of musical composition. These divisions are primarily based on the arrangement of the lyrical text and the melodic structure. The four Dandi categories are:

Varnam, which is a foundational piece that typically has two main parts: the Purvanga and the Uttaranga. The Purvanga contains the Pallavi and Anupallavi, while the Uttaranga contains the Charanam. Varnams are often used as practice pieces for students to develop technical skills and understanding of melodic patterns.

Kriti, a more developed and popular form. It also has a Pallavi, Anupallavi, and Charanam, but often includes additional sections like the Muktayi Swaram and the Charana Swaram. Kriti compositions are the cornerstone of concert repertoires and showcase the composer's melodic and lyrical creativity.

Padam, a type of composition that focuses more on conveying the emotional content and narrative of the lyrics. While it follows a similar structural pattern to the Kriti, the emphasis is on lyrical expression and devotional or romantic themes.

Tillana, a rhythmic and vibrant piece characterized by its intricate rhythmic patterns and energetic vocalization. Tillanas often conclude a concert and are known for their celebratory and dance-like quality.

These Chaturdandi categories represent a systematic approach to classifying and understanding the vast landscape of Carnatic musical compositions, providing a framework for both creation and appreciation.