Catarinas

Catarinas is a colloquial term, particularly in Mexico and some parts of Central America, referring to ladybugs or ladybirds. These small, often brightly colored beetles belong to the family Coccinellidae. They are most recognized for their rounded bodies and distinctive spots, though the number and pattern of spots can vary widely among different species.

Ladybugs are considered beneficial insects by gardeners and farmers. This is because the majority of ladybug species are predators, feeding on smaller insects that are considered pests, such as aphids, mealybugs, and scale insects. A single ladybug can consume thousands of aphids in its lifetime, making them a natural form of pest control. Their larvae are also voracious eaters of these same pests.

The life cycle of a ladybug includes four stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. The female lays clusters of tiny eggs, usually on plants where their prey is abundant. The larvae that hatch are often alligator-like in appearance and are also predatory. After a period of growth, they form a pupa, from which the familiar adult ladybug emerges.

While most ladybugs are beneficial, a few species can become agricultural pests themselves, particularly when their preferred prey is scarce, leading them to feed on crops like grains or vegetables. Additionally, some species can deliver a mild bite if handled roughly, and their hemolymph, a fluid released when they are threatened, can stain surfaces and has an unpleasant odor. However, the overwhelming perception of "catarinas" remains positive due to their role in controlling harmful insects.