Carpet

Carpet is a textile floor covering composed of a face pile attached to a backing. The pile provides texture, color, and cushioning, while the backing secures the yarns to the floor.

In modern production, most carpets are tufted: yarns are stitched through a backing and secured with latex. Other methods include weaving (axminster and Wilton) and needlefelt. Fibers used include wool, nylon, polyester, olefin (propylene), and blends. Backings provide structural stability; primary backing holds the yarns, while secondary backing adds dimension and durability.

Carpets are categorized by pile type and texture: cut pile, loop pile, or a combination. Textures include Saxony, textured/soft loop, frieze, and various patterns. Durability depends on fiber, yarn twist, pile height, and construction. Nylon is common in high-traffic areas; wool offers natural softness and longevity; olefin is moisture resistant and affordable. The choice of fiber influences stain resistance, resilience, and textile feel.

Care and maintenance: regular vacuuming to remove surface dust; prompt stain treatment; professional cleaning at intervals based on use. Protect from direct sunlight; use appropriate padding for comfort and acoustics; avoid excessive moisture during cleaning to prevent mold.

Environmental and historical notes: carpets can be recycled and reused; wool is renewable; some synthetic fibers have recycling programs. Carpeting has ancient roots in the Middle East and Asia, with early examples from Persia; modern manufacturing expanded in the 20th century with synthetic fibers and tufted methods.