Callias

Callias refers to several prominent individuals in ancient Greek history, most notably Callias II, a wealthy Athenian known for his participation in the Persian Wars and his association with prominent philosophers. Born into the ancient and influential Alcmaeonidae family, Callias II was the son of Hipponicus and, according to some traditions, the grandson of Callias I. He played a significant role in the Battle of Marathon in 490 BCE, reportedly contributing funds for the Athenian forces.

Later in his life, Callias II is said to have negotiated a peace treaty with the Persian Empire, known as the Peace of Callias, although its historical existence and terms are debated by scholars. He was also a known patron of the arts and sciences, famously hosting the philosopher Socrates and the sophist Protagoras at his home. His wealth was substantial, allowing him to fund public works and maintain a lavish lifestyle, which is often depicted in ancient comedies.

Other figures named Callias also existed, including Callias I, a victor in the pankration at the Olympic Games, and Callias III, a descendant of Callias II who inherited and subsequently squandered much of his family's fortune. The name Callias is primarily associated with wealth, political influence, and connections to the intellectual elite of Classical Athens.