CTangiografiaa

CT angiography (CTA) is a noninvasive imaging technique that combines computed tomography scanning with intravenous iodinated contrast material to visualize the vascular system. It provides detailed, three‑dimensional images of arteries and, with specific protocols, veins as well. The examination is typically rapid and can cover the chest, abdomen, pelvis, head and neck, or extremities.

The procedure involves injecting contrast material through a vein while the CT scanner acquires images timed to peak arterial or venous enhancement. Modern scanners use multidetector technology and may employ ECG gating for coronary arteries or advanced post-processing methods such as maximum intensity projection and volume rendering to create clear vascular maps.

CTA is used for a variety of indications, including evaluation of suspected coronary artery disease, aortic pathology (dissection, aneurysm), pulmonary embolism, peripheral arterial disease, and vascular causes of stroke. It also assists in planning endovascular or surgical interventions and in trauma assessment.

Advantages of CTA include its noninvasive nature, high spatial resolution, rapid acquisition, and wide availability. Limitations include exposure to ionizing radiation and the use of iodinated contrast, which can cause allergic reactions or contrast-induced nephropathy in susceptible individuals. Artifacts from motion or heavy vascular calcification can affect image quality. Careful patient selection, renal function assessment, and allergy history are important prior to examination.

Interpretation is performed by radiologists, who generate vascular maps and 3D reconstructions to aid diagnosis and treatment planning.