CH3CH2CH2SO3H

Propanesulfonic acid, with the chemical formula CH3CH2CH2SO3H, is an organic compound belonging to the class of sulfonic acids. It is a strong acid, meaning it readily dissociates in water to form a proton (H+) and the propanesulfonate anion (CH3CH2CH2SO3-). The structure consists of a three-carbon propyl chain attached to a sulfonic acid functional group (-SO3H).

Propanesulfonic acid can be synthesized through various methods, including the oxidation of 1-propanethiol or by reacting propane with sulfur trioxide under specific conditions. It is typically a colorless liquid or a low-melting solid, and its solubility in water is high due to the polar nature of the sulfonic acid group.

As a strong acid, propanesulfonic acid can participate in typical acid-base reactions. It is also a versatile intermediate in organic synthesis. The propanesulfonate anion can act as a leaving group or a counterion in various chemical transformations. Applications of propanesulfonic acid and its derivatives can be found in areas such as surfactants, ion-exchange resins, and as catalysts in certain chemical processes. Its properties are characteristic of aliphatic sulfonic acids, exhibiting strong acidity and good water solubility.