CETN3

CETN3, or centrin-3, is a human gene that encodes a member of the centrin family of small, calcium-binding proteins. Centrins are evolutionarily conserved and characteristically localize to centrosomes and, in many cells, to the basal bodies of cilia. The CETN3 protein contains EF-hand motifs that bind calcium, a feature shared by other centrins, and it is thought to participate in calcium-dependent protein–protein interactions at the centrosome.

Localization and role: It localizes mainly to the centrosome and spindle poles, and is believed to contribute to centriole duplication, centrosome maturation, and proper microtubule organization during cell division. In addition, centrin family members are associated with ciliogenesis in ciliated cells, suggesting CETN3 may have roles in basal body function in some tissues.

Interactions and regulation: CETN3 interacts with other centrosomal proteins and regulatory factors; these interactions are often governed by calcium binding, consistent with the EF-hand domains. The precise contribution of CETN3 to centrosome assembly relative to other centrins (for example CETN1 and CETN2) is an area of ongoing research.

Clinical relevance: Alterations in CETN3 expression have been reported in some cancers and developmental contexts, but comprehensive links to disease remain unclear and are under investigation. CETN3 is part of broader studies of centrosome biology and ciliopathies.

Evolution and nomenclature: CETN3 is one of several centrin genes in vertebrates; centrins are broadly conserved across eukaryotes and show functional redundancy and diversification.