C6H14PCl

C6H14PCl, commonly known as dipropyl chlorophosphine, is an organophosphorus compound with the formula (C3H7)2PCl. It contains a trivalent phosphorus center bearing one chlorine substituent and two n-propyl groups, giving a tetrahedral geometry about phosphorus. The compound is typically a moisture- and air-sensitive reagent used in organic synthesis.

In terms of physical properties, dipropyl chlorophosphine is usually a colorless liquid or low-melting material at room temperature and is soluble in many organic solvents such as aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. It readily reacts with water and oxygen, releasing hydrochloric acid and forming phosphorus-oxygen-containing species. As with other chlorophosphines, it is generally handled under inert atmosphere and stored away from moisture and oxidizers.

Preparation of dipropyl chlorophosphine is commonly undertaken by chlorination of the corresponding dialkylphosphine or related organophosphorus intermediates under controlled conditions. Its reactivity at the P–Cl bond makes it a versatile precursor for a range of downstream transformations.

Applications of C6H14PCl include serving as a reagent to introduce the dipropylphosphine moiety in the synthesis of phosphorus ligands and other organophosphorus compounds. Such ligands are employed in coordination chemistry and homogeneous catalysis, including palladium- and other transition-metal-catalyzed processes, where tailored phosphine ligands influence activity and selectivity.

Safety considerations are important: dipropyl chlorophosphine is reactive with moisture and can cause chemical irritation on exposure. It should be handled in a fume hood with appropriate protective equipment and stored under inert atmosphere to minimize hydrolysis and degradation.

See also: dialkyl chlorophosphines; organophosphorus reagents; phosphine ligands.

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