C3H7SH

C3H7SH, commonly known as propanethiol, is a sulfur-containing organic compound belonging to the thiol functional group. Its chemical structure consists of a three-carbon chain (propane backbone) with a thiol group (–SH) attached to one of the carbon atoms. Propanethiol exists as two structural isomers: 1-propanethiol and 2-propanethiol, differing in the position of the thiol group along the carbon chain.

1-propanethiol has the thiol group attached to the terminal carbon (CH3CH2CH2SH), while 2-propanethiol features the thiol group bonded to the middle carbon (CH3CH(SH)CH3). Both isomers are colorless liquids with a strong, unpleasant odor reminiscent of rotting vegetables or garlic, characteristic of many thiols.

Propanethiol is highly volatile and soluble in organic solvents but poorly soluble in water. It is commonly used in organic synthesis as a building block for the preparation of sulfides, disulfides, and other sulfur-containing compounds. The compound is also employed in the production of fragrances and flavorings, though its strong odor limits direct applications.

Due to its pungent smell and potential toxicity, propanethiol is handled with care in laboratory settings. Exposure to high concentrations may irritate the skin, eyes, and respiratory system, and prolonged inhalation can have adverse health effects. Proper ventilation and protective equipment are recommended when working with this compound.

In addition to its industrial uses, propanethiol appears in biochemical research as a model compound for studying thiol-based reactions, including those involving enzymes and metabolic pathways. Its reactivity, particularly in redox processes, makes it relevant in studies of sulfur metabolism and antioxidant mechanisms.