C3H7Cl

C3H7Cl refers to chloropropane, a haloalkane that exists in two structural isomers: 1-chloropropane (n-propyl chloride) and 2-chloropropane (isopropyl chloride). In 1-chloropropane, the chlorine atom is attached to a primary carbon, whereas in 2-chloropropane the chlorine is on a secondary carbon. Typical identifiers include SMILES notations such as ClCCC for 1-chloropropane and CC(Cl)C for 2-chloropropane.

Both isomers are used as intermediates in organic synthesis. They undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions to form a variety of propyl derivatives, such as amines, alcohols, or ethers, and can participate in further transformations that extend carbon skeletons. Preparation commonly involves substitution of a corresponding propanol with hydrogen chloride or related chlorinating reagents, with reaction conditions chosen to favor primary or secondary chlorination as appropriate.

Physically, chloropropanes are colorless, relatively volatile liquids that are miscible with many organic solvents and are immiscible with some aqueous phases. They are usually stored and handled under controlled conditions because of their flammable nature and potential to release irritating and harmful vapors.

Hazards and handling: chloropropanes are irritants to skin, eyes, and the respiratory system. Vapors can cause irritation and dizziness with inadequate ventilation. They should be used in a well-ventilated fume hood with appropriate personal protective equipment, and proper storage and disposal procedures should be followed to minimize environmental and health risks.

See also: alkyl halides, haloalkanes, propyl derivatives.