C2H6OS

C2H6OS is the chemical formula for dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a colorless, hygroscopic liquid that functions as a highly polar aprotic solvent. It is widely used in laboratories and industry due to its ability to dissolve a broad range of organic and inorganic compounds and its relatively low reactivity.

Dimethyl sulfoxide contains two methyl groups attached to a sulfoxide functional group (S=O). This arrangement imparts strong polarity and a high dielectric constant, which underlie its solvent properties and its capacity to stabilize charged or polar intermediates in chemical reactions.

Industrial production of DMSO typically involves catalytic oxidation of dimethyl sulfide (CH3)2S with air or oxygen. The process is designed to yield primarily DMSO, with partial oxidation to related sulfoxides or sulfones possible under different conditions.

Physically, DMSO is miscible with water and with many organic solvents. It has a relatively high boiling point for an organic solvent (about 189°C) and a high viscosity, contributing to its distinctive solvent behavior. These properties make it useful in a wide range of applications, including organic synthesis, pharmaceutical formulation, and as a cryoprotectant for biological samples.

Safety and handling are important: DMSO is of moderate toxicity and can cause skin and eye irritation. It can enhance the absorption of other chemicals through the skin, so appropriate protective equipment and ventilation are recommended when handling concentrated solutions. It should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated area away from oxidizers.