Bygningsskaller

Bygningsskaller is a Danish term used in architecture and construction to describe the building’s shell—the combination of the structural framework and the exterior envelope that encloses interior spaces. The concept is central to discussions of how a building is organized, built, and later finished. The shell typically includes the load-bearing structure (such as timber, steel, or reinforced concrete frames), floors and stairs, as well as the exterior elements that protect against weather, moisture, and temperature changes (facade, roof, windows, and doors). In many contexts, it is discussed in terms of shell and core, where the basic envelope and structural system are in place but interior fit-out and partitions remain to be completed.

Components and performance: A bygningsskall comprises a structural system and an external envelope designed to bear loads, resist wind and seismic forces, provide weatherproofing, and control heat, moisture, and air leakage. Insulation, vapor barriers, airtightness, drainage, and proper detailing at joints are key performance requirements. The shell sets the baseline for energy efficiency, indoor climate, and long-term durability.

Types and applications: Common structural options include timber frame, steel frame, and reinforced concrete frames, each paired with envelope solutions such as brick or siding claddings, panels, or glass curtain walls. The shell stage is typical in new construction, renovations, and real estate projects marketed as shell and core, where interior finishing is handled later.

See also: building envelope, shell and core, structural frame, facade.