Bygningsdata

Bygningsdata refers to structured information about buildings and their properties, used across design, construction, operation, and planning. It encompasses physical characteristics, technical systems, and administrative documentation, enabling analysis, simulation, and management of built environments. In practice, bygningsdata includes attributes such as location, size, year of construction, materials, geometry, energy systems (HVAC, electrical, plumbing), envelope performance, energy usage and efficiency, maintenance and replacement history, certifications, and legal status (permits, ownership).

Data sources include cadastral registries, planning and building permits, energy performance certificates, building management systems, IoT sensors, BIM models, GIS databases, and asset registers. Standards and formats include Building Information Modeling data in the IFC format; other interoperable formats such as CityGML for city-scale data; COBie for facility management; GIS formats; open data schemas and metadata.

Applications include planning and zoning, energy regulation and benchmarking, building operations and maintenance, cost estimation, risk assessment, insurance, and sustainability reporting. Governance and challenges include data quality, interoperability, privacy, access rights, versioning, and timeliness; need for metadata, data stewardship and agreed standards to enable sharing across organizations.

See also BIM, IFC, energy performance certificate, COBie, CityGML.