Brno

Brno is the capital of the South Moravian Region in the Czech Republic and the country’s second-largest city by population. Located in the southeast, it sits at the confluence of the Svitava and Svratka rivers and serves as an important administrative, cultural, and university center. The city’s population is around 380,000.

Brno is known for its historical architecture and modern urban development. Landmarks include Špilberk Castle, perched on a hill above the city, and the Cathedral of St. Peter and Paul on Petrov. The city also features examples of modern architecture, including Villa Tugendhat, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Brno has a long history dating back to early medieval times, becoming a regional center of Moravia. It flourished as a fortress and later developed as an industrial and academic hub under the Habsburgs. In the 19th and 20th centuries, Brno expanded as an industrial city and became an important center of culture and education in Czechoslovakia and later the Czech Republic.

Brno hosts major universities, including Masaryk University, the Brno University of Technology, and Mendel University in Brno, making it a large student city. The presence of research institutions and a diversified economy supports high-tech industries, information technology, engineering, and pharmaceuticals. The city hosts the Brno Trade Fair (Veletrhy Brno), one of Central Europe's largest exhibition centers.

Public transport in Brno is centered on an extensive tram network and bus lines. The city is served by Brno–Tuřany Airport, and regional rail connections link it with Prague and other Czech cities as well as nearby Slovakia and Austria. Cultural life includes theatres, museums such as the Moravian Gallery, and festivals throughout the year, reflecting Brno’s role as Moravia’s cultural capital.