Brjóstbein

Brjóstbein is the Icelandic word for sternum. The sternum, also known as the breastbone, is a long, flat bone located in the central part of the chest. It is a key component of the rib cage and plays a crucial role in protecting the heart and lungs. The sternum consists of three fused parts: the manubrium, the body, and the xiphoid process. The manubrium is the uppermost part, articulating with the clavicles (collarbones) and the first two pairs of ribs. The body is the longest and largest section, to which the remaining true ribs (ribs that attach directly to the sternum) are connected via cartilage. The xiphoid process is the smallest, most inferior part, a cartilaginous or bony projection at the bottom of the sternum.

The sternum provides attachment points for various muscles of the chest and neck, including parts of the pectoral muscles and the diaphragm. Its rigidity and central position help stabilize the rib cage, allowing for efficient breathing mechanics. In cases of trauma, the sternum can be fractured, and it is also a common site for bone marrow biopsies due to its accessibility. The sternum's anatomical significance is widely recognized in both medical and anatomical contexts.