Brirritáció

Brirritáció is a term that is sometimes used to refer to irritation of the skin, a condition more commonly described in Hungarian as bőrirritáció (skin irritation). It is not a single disease, but a description of an inflammatory response of the skin’s outer layer (the epidermis) caused by irritants or allergens. Because brirritáció is not widely standardized in medical dictionaries, it is often discussed under the broader headings of irritant contact dermatitis or allergic contact dermatitis, as well as other dermatitis forms.

Causes include exposure to irritants such as soaps, detergents, solvents, acids or alkalis, fragrances, preservatives, nickel, and other metals; physical factors like friction, heat, or cold; and biological factors such as plants. Individual risk factors include sensitive or atopic skin, prolonged moisture exposure, or occlusion. Common symptoms are redness (erythema), itching (pruritus), burning or stinging sensations, dryness, swelling, and sometimes vesicles or cracking in severe cases. The distribution of symptoms depends on the exposure site and duration.

Diagnosis is primarily clinical, based on history and physical examination. In uncertain cases or when a contact allergy is suspected, patch testing or other allergy assessments may be performed to identify triggers.

Treatment focuses on removing the irritant or allergen, using gentle skin care and moisturizers, and reducing inflammation with topical corticosteroids when appropriate. Secondary infections should be treated with appropriate antimicrobials if present. In persistent or occupational cases, dermatology consultation and workplace modifications may be needed.

Prevention emphasizes protective measures (gloves, barrier creams), avoiding known irritants, and maintaining skin barrier function through regular moisturization. Most episodes resolve after trigger removal, though recurrent exposure may lead to chronic dermatitis.