Bottenhavet

Bottenhavet is the northernmost part of the Baltic Sea, located between Sweden and Finland. It is separated from the Åland Sea by the Åland Islands. The Bottenhavet is characterized by its relatively shallow depth, averaging around 60 meters, and its brackish water due to the influx of freshwater from numerous rivers and limited exchange with the Atlantic Ocean.

The climate in the Bottenhavet region is strongly influenced by its northerly location, with cold winters and short, mild summers. Ice formation is common during the winter months, often covering large portions of the sea, which can significantly impact shipping and marine life. The coastline is varied, featuring rocky shores, sandy beaches, and numerous islands and archipelagos.

The marine ecosystem of the Bottenhavet supports a unique biodiversity adapted to its brackish conditions. Common fish species include Baltic herring, sprat, and perch. The area is also an important habitat for seals and various seabird species. Human activities in the region include fishing, shipping, and tourism. The environmental condition of the Bottenhavet is a concern, with eutrophication from agricultural runoff and industrial discharges being a significant challenge. Conservation efforts are ongoing to protect its delicate ecosystem.