Bolsonaro

Jair Messias Bolsonaro (born 21 March 1955) is a Brazilian politician and retired military officer who served as the 38th President of Brazil from 2019 to 2022. A former army captain, he spent nearly three decades as a federal deputy in Brasília, representing Rio de Janeiro in the Chamber of Deputies from 1991 to 2019.

Bolsonaro ran for president in 2018 as a member of the Social Liberal Party (PSL), campaigning on anti-corruption, pro-gun rights, and conservative social policies. He won the presidential election in the runoff against Fernando Haddad of the Workers' Party and took office on January 1, 2019.

During his presidency, Bolsonaro pursued market-oriented economic reforms, including pension reform passed in 2019. His government promoted privatization and deregulation of some sectors. On environmental issues, his administration prioritized development in the Amazon region, which coincided with increased deforestation according to critics. His handling of the COVID-19 pandemic drew widespread criticism from health experts and opponents, with debates over lockdowns, vaccination, and fiscal policy.

Bolsonaro was defeated in the 2022 presidential election by Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, who took office in 2023. Since leaving office, Bolsonaro remains a prominent figure within Brazilian politics, attracting a large following among conservative and evangelical voters and supporting allied candidates in subsequent elections.