Bloedkalium

Bloedkalium is a Dutch term that translates to "blood potassium." It refers to the concentration of potassium ions within the blood serum. Potassium is an essential electrolyte, a mineral that carries an electric charge, and plays a critical role in various bodily functions. These include maintaining fluid balance, nerve impulse transmission, and muscle contractions, particularly the heart muscle.

The normal range for blood potassium levels is typically between 3.5 and 5.0 millimoles per liter (mmol/L). Deviations from this range can indicate underlying health issues. Low blood potassium is known as hypokalemia, while high blood potassium is called hyperkalemia. Both conditions can have serious health consequences.

Hypokalemia can be caused by factors such as excessive vomiting or diarrhea, certain diuretics, poor dietary intake, or conditions like Cushing's syndrome. Symptoms may include muscle weakness, fatigue, constipation, and abnormal heart rhythms. Hyperkalemia is often associated with kidney disease, adrenal insufficiency, certain medications (like ACE inhibitors or potassium-sparing diuretics), or extensive tissue damage. Signs of hyperkalemia can include muscle twitching, weakness, paralysis, and potentially life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias.

Blood potassium levels are typically measured through a blood test. Treatment for abnormal potassium levels depends on the cause and severity of the imbalance. It may involve dietary adjustments, medication, or addressing the underlying medical condition. Regular monitoring is often necessary for individuals with chronic conditions affecting potassium balance.