Bissau

Bissau is the capital and largest city of Guinea-Bissau, a West African nation. It is situated on the Geba River estuary on the Atlantic coast and serves as the administrative, commercial, and cultural heart of the country. The city lies on both banks of the river and is connected by bridges and roads to surrounding towns and rural areas. The climate is tropical, with a hot, humid dry season and a rainy season.

History: The area around Bissau has long served as a regional trading post before and during the early colonial era. Under Portuguese rule it developed as the capital of Portuguese Guinea. Following the 1973 declaration of independence by Guinea-Bissau and international recognition in 1974, Bissau has remained the capital of the country.

Economy: As the seat of government, Bissau hosts most national institutions. It is also the main port and commercial hub for the country, handling imports and exports and supporting distribution and trade, including the cashew trade. Osvaldo Vieira International Airport serves the city and provides regional and international connectivity.

Culture and society: The city is multiethnic, with communities including Balanta, Fula, Mandinka, Manjaco, and Papel. Portuguese is the official language, while Crioulo (Kriol) is widely spoken. The population comprises Muslim and Christian communities, reflecting Guinea-Bissau’s religious diversity.

Notes: Bissau functions as a political center and major gateway to the country’s economy and culture, while urban development and public services face challenges typical of the region.