Birimlerce

Birimlerce is a Turkish linguistic term used to indicate the agent in passive constructions, equivalent to “by the units” or “by the departments.” It is formed by adding the suffix -ce to the plural noun birimler (units, departments). In Turkish, the -ce/-ça suffix can create agentive or instrumental phrases, and birimlerce specifically marks that multiple units are responsible for the action described.

The construction is common in formal and bureaucratic language, such as official reports, regulations, and legislative texts. Birimlerce is often preferred in contexts where actions are attributed to a collective of units rather than to a single entity, and it can replace or accompany the standard agentive expression tarafından. Because it foregrounds the collective agency of organizational units, it is frequently used in government and institutional documents.

Usage notes and examples:

- Raporlar birimlerce hazırlanmıştır. (The reports were prepared by the units.)

- İnceleme, birimlerce yürütülen bir süreçtir. (The examination is a process conducted by the units.)

- Kararlar birimlerce uygulamaya konuldu. (The decisions were implemented by the units.)

In everyday Turkish, birimlerce appears mainly in formal writing; in everyday speech, tarafindan or kurumlarca, or simpler passive constructions may be more common.

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