Bioko

Bioko is an island located off the west coast of Africa in the Gulf of Guinea and is part of Equatorial Guinea. It is the country’s largest island, covering about 2,000 square kilometers. The island is volcanic in origin, with rainforest interior and rugged high ground. Its highest point is Pico Basilé, roughly 3,000 meters above sea level.

Administratively, Bioko is divided into Bioko Norte and Bioko Sur provinces. The capital, Malabo, sits on the northern coast and is the island's main urban center; other towns include Luba and Moca along the coast.

Historically, Bioko was known to Europeans as Fernando Po and was controlled by Spain as part of Spanish Guinea until independence in 1968. The island's indigenous communities include the Bubi and Fang peoples, with Spanish as the official language of administration alongside local languages.

The island's economy is dominated by petroleum production and related activities, with Malabo acting as a logistics hub for offshore oil. The main international gateway is Malabo International Airport, and the port supports export of oil and imports of goods.

Bioko hosts tropical rainforest ecosystems and a number of endemic species. Conservation and development concerns include habitat protection amid development and oil activities. The island contains several protected areas and supports biodiversity research.