Bioarchéológia

Bioarchéologia is the interdisciplinary study of human remains from archaeological contexts. It bridges the fields of archaeology and physical anthropology to investigate the biological and cultural aspects of past populations. Bioarchaeologists examine skeletal and dental remains, as well as mummified tissues and associated organic materials, to reconstruct various facets of past human life.

Key areas of study within bioarchéologia include paleopathology, which investigates diseases and injuries that affected past individuals, and paleodiet, which uses stable isotopes and dental analysis to understand what people ate. Bioarchéologists also analyze skeletal morphology for information on age at death, sex, stature, ancestry, and evidence of trauma or modification. This information can reveal details about living conditions, subsistence strategies, social organization, and the impact of environmental factors on human health and behavior.

The interpretation of bioarchaeological data often involves understanding the taphonomic processes that have affected the remains since deposition. By analyzing these biological and cultural signatures, bioarchéologia offers a unique and intimate perspective on the lives, health, and experiences of ancient peoples, contributing significantly to our understanding of human history and evolution.