Biljekaceae

Biljekaceae is a small, sometimes disputed family of flowering plants. In some classification schemes it is recognized as a distinct family within the angiosperms; in others it is treated as a synonym or subfamily of a related lineage. Its circumscription and rank have varied, and molecular data have yet to produce a consensus on its position.

Typical members are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. Leaves are usually simple and alternate, often with stipules. Flowers are small and actinomorphic, with five floral parts that can be petal-like or petaloid; the ovary is usually superior. Fruit types range from capsules to berries depending on the lineage.

Geographically, Biljekaceae taxa occur in tropical and subtropical regions and occupy habitats from forest margins to open grasslands and disturbed areas. They are not major crops or widely cultivated, though some species are used locally in traditional medicine or horticulture.

Taxonomic history: The status of Biljekaceae has varied across authorities. Ongoing phylogenetic studies seek to resolve its relationships with related families, but a stable placement has not yet been universally accepted.