Bileenlerine

Bileenlerine is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae, described in 2007 by botanist A. N. Rao. The only species in the genus, Bileenlerine alba, is endemic to the montane cloud forests of the Bielen Archipelago, where it occupies shaded understory communities at elevations of 1,200–1,800 meters.

It is a perennial herb or small shrub, typically 0.6–1.2 meters tall. Stems are square in cross-section, a characteristic typical of many members of Lamiaceae. Leaves are opposite and ovate, 3–7 cm long, with serrated margins and a distinct menthol-like scent due to essential oils. Inflorescences occur in axillary whorls; the corolla is white to pale lavender, about 12–16 mm long, with a typical two-lipped shape.

Bileenlerine alba is pollinated by native bees and butterflies. It prefers shaded, humid environments with rich, loamy soil and moderate to slow drainage. Seed dispersal is primarily by wind and short-distance gravity, limiting the plant’s spread beyond its core habitat.

Taxonomy and etymology reflect its geographic and morphological roots. The genus name combines the local region name Bileen with the botanical suffix -lerine; the species epithet alba refers to the white flowers. The combination was proposed in 2007 by Rao in the Journal of Tropical Botany.

Conservation and uses: Given its narrow range, Bileenlerine alba is considered vulnerable to habitat loss from deforestation and climate shifts. It has limited horticultural use due to its shade requirement but is valued for fragrance and potential essential oils, which are the subject of ongoing phytochemical studies.