Bharat

Bharat, officially the Republic of India and commonly called India in English, is a country in South Asia. In the Indian Constitution, India, that is Bharat, is used as the country's name. Bharat remains the Hindi name and is widely used in multiple languages.

It occupies the Indian subcontinent, bordered by Pakistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar, with coastlines along the Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, and Indian Ocean. It covers about 3.29 million square kilometers and is home to over 1.4 billion people, making it one of the most populous nations.

Bharat is a federal parliamentary republic. The President is the ceremonial head of state; the Prime Minister serves as the head of government. The Parliament consists of the Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha. There are 28 states and 8 union territories.

Historically, the region hosted ancient civilizations and empires; it was governed under British rule as the British Raj before achieving independence in 1947. A new Constitution was adopted in 1950. Since the 1990s, economic reforms have spurred growth in services, IT, manufacturing, and agriculture, positioning India as a major global economy.

India recognizes multiple official languages, including Hindi and English for official purposes; 22 scheduled languages are recognised. The country has a rich cultural heritage, with diverse religions, languages, and traditions contributing to a pluralistic national identity.