Bemcentinib

Bemcentinib is an experimental anticancer drug that acts as a selective inhibitor of the AXL receptor tyrosine kinase, a member of the TAM family involved in tumor progression, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. It was developed by BerGenBio ASA (formerly known as BGB324). The drug is administered orally and has been studied in multiple cancer indications.

Mechanism: By blocking AXL signaling, bemcentinib aims to reduce tumor cell survival, migration, and invasion, and to enhance anti-tumor immune responses. In preclinical models, AXL inhibition can reverse epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and decrease resistance to EGFR inhibitors and immune checkpoint blockade. A proposed antiviral mechanism relates to modulation of inflammatory signaling and viral entry pathways, prompting exploration in infectious diseases.

Clinical development: Bemcentinib has been evaluated in early-phase clinical trials in a range of solid and hematologic malignancies, including non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, mesothelioma, cholangiocarcinoma and leukemia. It has been studied both as a single agent and in combination with other therapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and standard chemotherapy regimens. Results have shown some signs of activity in certain settings, but efficacy has not yet led to regulatory approval.

Regulatory status: As of 2024, bemcentinib has not received regulatory approval in any jurisdiction and remains an investigative drug undergoing clinical testing. Safety and tolerability data from trials have been reported, with adverse events generally consistent with other targeted kinase inhibitors.

Research and future directions: Ongoing studies continue to evaluate patient selection, biomarkers of AXL dependence, and combinations with immunotherapies, targeted therapies, and potentially antiviral applications.