Belichtungssystem

Belichtungssystem refers to the method and equipment used to control the amount of light that reaches a photosensitive surface, such as photographic film or a digital sensor. The goal of a belichtungssystem is to achieve a correct exposure, ensuring that the image is neither too dark (underexposed) nor too bright (overexposed). This is typically achieved by manipulating three key elements: aperture, shutter speed, and ISO sensitivity.

The aperture, controlled by the diaphragm within a lens, regulates the size of the opening through which light passes. A larger aperture (smaller f-number) allows more light, while a smaller aperture (larger f-number) restricts light. Shutter speed determines the duration for which the sensor or film is exposed to light. A faster shutter speed (shorter duration) captures less light, useful for freezing motion, while a slower shutter speed (longer duration) captures more light, often used in low-light conditions or to create motion blur. ISO sensitivity indicates how sensitive the sensor or film is to light. A higher ISO allows for shooting in darker conditions but can introduce more digital noise or grain.

Modern cameras often feature sophisticated automatic belichtungssystem that analyze the scene and adjust these settings to achieve a proper exposure. Manual control allows photographers to override these automatic settings and make deliberate choices about exposure for creative effect. Understanding the interplay of aperture, shutter speed, and ISO is fundamental to mastering photography.