BeO

BeO, or beryllia, is an inorganic compound composed of beryllium and oxygen with the chemical formula BeO. It crystallizes in a hexagonal lattice related to the wurtzite structure. BeO is a refractory ceramic known for its combination of a high melting point, high thermal conductivity for a ceramic, and excellent electrical insulation.

Properties of BeO include a very low thermal expansion, high stiffness, and good mechanical strength for a ceramic. It is chemically resistant to many reagents but can react with strong bases at high temperatures. Commercial BeO is typically produced as dense ceramics by calcining beryllium compounds and sintering the oxide to high density.

Applications for BeO rely on its balance of thermal and electrical properties. It is used as a heat-dissipation material and insulating substrate in high-power electronics, including substrates for diodes and transistors, as well as in RF and microwave components. BeO-based ceramics are also employed in specialty aerospace and nuclear components, sometimes in BeO–copper composites to enhance thermal transfer.

Safety and handling considerations are important for BeO. Dust or powders are hazardous if inhaled, and exposure can cause chronic beryllium disease and an increased cancer risk. Occupational controls, proper containment, and protective equipment are required, and regulatory limits are applied in many jurisdictions.

Occurrence and production: BeO is not a common naturally occurring mineral and most commercial BeO is produced synthetically. Naturally occurring beryllium minerals include bertrandite and beryl; BeO itself is typically manufactured for industrial use.