Bazocelulární

Bazocelulární refers to a type of cell located in the nervous system of organisms, particularly in the central nervous system of vertebrates. These cells are part of the glial cell lineage, which includes a group of non-neuronal cells that provide support and maintenance functions for neurons.

Bazocelulární cells, also known as astrocytes, are the largest population of glial cells in the brain and spinal cord. They play a crucial role in various physiological processes, including the regulation of ion and water balance, provision of nutrients, and the repair of damaged tissue. Astrocytes are capable of directing the repair of damaged neurons by regulating cell death and tissue-like behavior.

Bazocelulární cells are characterized by their ability to phagocytose damaged cellular components, promote the proliferation of neurons, and release endogenous growth factors that stimulate stem cell activity. In the event of traumatic brain injury or neurodegenerative diseases, astrocytes become reactive, undergoing morphological and functional changes that contribute to the development of astrocytosis.

Astrocyte dysfunction has been implicated in the pathology of several neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis. Furthermore, changes in the structure and function of bazocelulární cells have been observed in conditions such as glioma, a type of primary brain cancer.

Research on bazocelulární cells continues to uncover the complexities of their interactions with neurons and other glial cells, highlighting their critical role in maintaining brain homeostasis and facilitating neural recovery.