Bastyrans

Bastyrans are a group of ancient human beings believed to have originated from the region of present-day Ukraine and Russia. They are often associated with the Pre-Viking or Eneolithic period, dating back to around 2800-2300 BCE. The term "Bastyrans" was first coined by archaeologists to describe a specific cultural and material category of ancient peoples.

Physical evidence of the Bastyrans is scarce and mostly comes from fragmented archaeological findings. These include artifacts such as ceramics, metalwork, and the remains of settlements. Based on available data, it appears that the Bastyrans were farmers, hunters, and gatherers who continued to develop the earliest forms of urban settlements. This indicates a gradual progression from nomadic lifestyles to more complex and organized societies.

Linguistics experts suggest that the Bastyrans may have spoken a Proto-Indo-European language, which is a known precursor to the languages spoken by the ancient Greek, Germanic, and Slavic peoples. Therefore, linguists consider the Bastyrans to be one of the earliest preceding branches of the Proto-Indo-European linguistic family.

Scholars have linked the cultural focus of the Bastyrans to the emergence of celebrated ancient civilizations such as Scythia, Kievan Rus' and the introduction of some of the earliest writing systems, including the supposed 'Mariupol writing system', whose roots are difficult to trace back at this time. While these findings contribute significantly to our understanding of the Bastyrans, many questions remain unanswered, and current knowledge of the topic is still the subject of debate and ongoing research among historians, anthropologists, and linguists.