Basisstation

Basisstation, in telecommunications, is a fixed radio access point that provides wireless coverage to mobile devices within a geographic area. It forms the radio base of a mobile network and connects user equipment to the core network via a backhaul link.

A basisstation typically houses or connects to radio transceivers, a baseband processing unit, and control software. The radio unit handles transmission and reception, while the baseband unit processes signals, performs coding and decoding, modulation, and manages radio resources. Security and mobility management features are commonly implemented. The station communicates with mobile devices in its coverage via licensed spectrum and coordinates handovers as users move between cells.

Basisstations connect to the core network through backhaul links, which can be fiber, microwave, or, in some cases, copper. The backhaul carries user data and control messages between the basisstation and central network nodes such as a mobile switching center or core network gateway. The overall network may include macro cells with wide coverage or smaller cells (micro, pico, or femto) to improve capacity and coverage in dense areas.

In modern networks, the term basisstation might be used synonymously with eNodeB (4G/LTE) or gNodeB (5G), or with generic radio base stations. The design may be centralized (centralized RAN) or distributed, with some processing done at the station and some in central units.

Deployment decisions consider regulatory spectrum licensing, site availability, power, thermal management, and interference control. Basisstations are essential components of wireless access networks, enabling mobile voice, data, and multimedia services.