Baselsäännökset

Baselsäännökset, also known as the Basel Accords, are a series of international banking regulations developed by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. The primary goal of these regulations is to ensure the stability of the international financial system by setting minimum capital requirements for banks. The Basel Accords aim to reduce the risk of systemic financial crises by making banks more resilient to economic shocks.

The first set of accords, Basel I, was introduced in 1988 and focused on credit risk. It established a framework for calculating minimum capital adequacy ratios. Basel II, published in 2004, expanded on Basel I by introducing more sophisticated approaches to measuring credit risk and adding operational risk and market risk. Basel III, developed in response to the 2007-2008 global financial crisis, further strengthened capital requirements, introduced new liquidity standards, and addressed systemic risk.

Key elements of the Basel Accords include capital adequacy ratios, which measure a bank's capital relative to its risk-weighted assets, and liquidity coverage ratios, which ensure banks have sufficient liquid assets to withstand short-term stress. The implementation and interpretation of these regulations can vary across different jurisdictions, as national regulators are responsible for transposing them into domestic law. The Basel Accords represent a continuous effort to enhance the safety and soundness of the global banking sector.