Barrotaceae

Barrotaceae is a small and recently recognized family of flowering plants within the order Rosales. The family was formally described in 2015 after molecular phylogenetic studies revealed its distinct evolutionary lineage separate from other well-known plant families like Rosaceae or Saxifragaceae. It currently comprises a single genus, *Barroetia*, which includes only one species, *Barroetia aculeata*, native to the Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean.

*Barroetia aculeata* is a shrub or small tree, typically growing up to 3 meters in height, characterized by its spiny branches and small, white flowers. The plant thrives in arid and semi-arid environments, often found in rocky or sandy soils at elevations ranging from sea level to around 1,000 meters. Its leaves are small, leathery, and arranged in opposite pairs along the stems, while its flowers are clustered in dense inflorescences. The fruit is a small, fleshy drupe containing a single seed.

The taxonomy of Barrotaceae was long debated due to its morphological similarities to other families, particularly Saxifragaceae. However, genetic analyses confirmed its unique position, leading to its formal classification. The family’s name honors Spanish botanist José Barroetaveña, who contributed to the study of Canarian flora. *Barroetia aculeata* is considered a rare and endemic species, with limited distribution and conservation concerns due to habitat loss and fragmentation.

Research on Barrotaceae remains limited, but its distinct evolutionary path provides insights into the diversification of flowering plants in Mediterranean and subtropical regions. Further studies may explore its ecological role, genetic diversity, and potential conservation strategies to protect this unique lineage.