Baroda

Baroda, officially known as Vadodara, is a major city in the western Indian state of Gujarat. It sits on the banks of the Vishwamitri River and serves as the administrative headquarters of Vadodara district. The city is a key center for commerce, education, and culture in the region.

Historically, Baroda was the capital of the princely Baroda State, ruled by the Gaekwad dynasty from the 18th century until 1947. After Indian independence, Baroda State joined the Indian Union and, after administrative reorganization, became part of Bombay State and later the state of Gujarat in 1960. The name Baroda reflects its historic identity, while Vadodara is the official name used on maps and government documents.

Baroda has a notable cultural and educational profile. It is home to the Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda (MSU), a major public university established by Sayajirao Gaekwad III, along with several colleges and research institutes. The city hosts landmarks such as Laxmi Vilas Palace, a grand 19th‑century residence built by the Gaekwad rulers; Kamati Baug (Sayaji Baug), one of Asia’s largest urban gardens that includes a zoo and museums; and the Baroda Museum & Picture Gallery, which houses regional artifacts and art.

The economy of Baroda is diversified, spanning manufacturing, engineering, chemicals, textiles, and services, underpinned by a strong educational and research sector. The city is connected by the national rail network via Vadodara Junction and has an international airport (Vadodara Airport), with road connections to other major cities in Gujarat and western India.