BPUPK

BPUPK stands for Badan Penyelidik Usaha-Usaha Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia, which translates to the Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence of Indonesia. It was a governmental body established by the Japanese government in occupied Indonesia on March 1, 1945. The primary purpose of BPUPK was to prepare for Indonesian independence, aiming to grant Indonesia its own government.

BPUPK held two main sessions. The first session took place from May 29 to June 1, 1945, focusing on the philosophical foundations of the future Indonesian state. Key figures like Soekarno, Mohammad Hatta, and Yamin delivered speeches outlining their visions. The second session convened from July 10 to July 17, 1945, and was dedicated to drafting the constitution of Indonesia. This session saw the formation of a smaller committee, the Panitia Sembilan (Nine Person Committee), which formulated the Jakarta Charter as a preamble to the constitution.

BPUPK played a crucial role in the process leading to Indonesia's declaration of independence. Its deliberations and the documents it produced laid the groundwork for the nation's political and ideological structure. The committee was dissolved shortly after its second session and was replaced by PPKI (Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia), which formally proclaimed Indonesia's independence on August 17, 1945.