Axonomeetria

Axonomeetria is a graphical projection method used in technical drawing and design. It represents three-dimensional objects in a two-dimensional plane by projecting them along parallel lines that are not perpendicular to the projection plane. This results in a view that preserves the relative proportions of the object’s edges and angles, although the angles themselves are often distorted. Unlike perspective projection, which aims to mimic human vision by making distant objects appear smaller, axonometric projection maintains a sense of scale across the entire object.

There are three primary types of axonomeetria, distinguished by the angles at which the object's axes are foreshortened. In isometric projection, all three axes are foreshortened equally, and the angles between them are 120 degrees. This is the most common form. Dimetric projection foreshortens two axes equally, while the third is foreshortened differently. Trimetric projection foreshortens all three axes differently, offering the most flexibility but also requiring more complex calculations for accurate representation.

Axonometric projections are widely used in architectural drawings, mechanical engineering, and computer graphics for their ability to convey spatial information clearly and without distortion of scale. They provide a comprehensive view of an object's form and dimensions, making them invaluable for communication and analysis in various technical fields.